Advantages of RPGLE ILE language over RPG400 and RPG3

So, I found some more old RPG documents, and decided to publish on the blog rather than leave in the dusty corners of my hard drive. Perhaps they will be of interest to somebody out there?

 

1. Advantages of ILE:

 

RPG IV is more readable than older column based RPG400 and RPG3

Allows for greater application modularity with static binding which means there are fewer external calls.

Enhances programmer productivity by allowing greater code re use

Enhances mixed language support by allowing the binding ILE languages into a single program

Builds a foundation for the future by moving closer to object oriented design , modular programming and code reuse

 

Enhancements in RPGIV

 

Mixed Case entry permitted

Compiler is not case sensitive

Compiler can translate mixed case to upper case.

Character names allowed

Full DDS length supported

Columns available for suscripts

Undescore allowed in names

Blank lines allowed making it more readable

 

Limit changes :

 

Limit Changes	RPGIII	RPGIV
Field names & Array Names	6	10
Length of Character Variable	256	32767
No of Possible array elements	9999	32767
No of Possible Subroutines	256	No Limit
No of Decimal Positions	9	30
No of files per program	50	No Limit

 

H spec :

Completely free format

Additional functions: Date and Time Format

Enhanced Readability

 

F-Spec:

Part of F-spec are now keyword based

No of files un limited

File definition checks have been relaxed

File names length increased to 10 characters and record lengths to 5 digits

 

D-Spec:

Defining the data structures

Defining arrays

Defining standalone fields

Indent field names to show structures

Easily define arrays within data structures

Use keywords to make your code more readable and more flexible

 

Keywords used in the D-Spec:

INZ

OCCURS

OVERLAY

EXTNAME

EXTFLD

PREFIX

DIM

ASCEND/DESCEND

PERRCD

FROMFILE/TOFILE

EXFMT

ALT

CTDATA

 

C-Spec:

 

RPGIII	RPGIV
BITOF	BITOFF
CHEKR	CHECKR
COMIT	COMMIT
DEFN	DEFINE
DELET	DELETE
EXCPT	EXCEPT
LOKUP	LOOKUP
OCCUR	OCCUR
REDPE	READPE
RETRN	RETURN
SELEC	SELECT
SETOF	SETOFF
UPDAT	UPDATE
UNLCK	UNLOCK
WHXX	WHENXX

 

Factor1,Factor2 & Result each increased to 14 characters

Extended Factor2 allows free-format expressions

Field length increased to 5 positions

Decimal Positions increased to 2.

Many opcodes increased to 6 characters

Space for opcodes plus extenders increased to 10 characters

New opcodes and operators added with extended factor 2

Conditioning indicators reduced to 1 from 3

 

O-Spec:

No major changes in the O specification

Names on the O spec have been expanded

Skip Before/After and Space Before/After have also been extended , to allow 3 positions

 

New Opcodes:

ADDDUR

CALLB

CALLP

DOU

DOW

EVAL

EXTRCT

IF

SUBDUR

TEST

WHEN

 

RPGIV supports date,time and timestamp data types With date , time and timestamp fields you can Calculate durations

Extract portions of dates and times

• Move data from one field to another
• Compare their values
• Test for valid values

 

The data types supported are

D for Date

T for Time

Z for Timestamp

 

The internal format can be specified on the H spec for all fields or on the D spec for specific fields

 

With the introduction of the ADDDUR & SUBDUR opcodes you can easily add or subtract duration b/n date,time or timestamp fields.

 

The EXTRCT opcode easily extracts a logical portion of a date ,time or timestamp field.

The MOVE or MOVEL opcode can be used to easily move data to and from date,time & timestamp fields.

You can compare dates, times& timestamps & test the validity of these fields using the TEST opcode.

 

EXPRESSIONS:

More precise results using expressions

RPGIV is easier to read and maintain as it handles half adjustments & avoids usage of temporary variables

Three type of expressions :Arithmetical, conditional and string

Expressions are entered in the Extended calculation.

Precedence rules apply to the evaluation of expressions.

Expressions use DOU,DOW,IF,WHEN&EVAL opcodes.

SUBPROCEDURES & PROTOTYPES:

A subprocedure is a procedure specified after the main section.

It can only be called using a bound call .

Subprocedure do not use the RPG cycle while running .

All subporocedures have a corresponding prototype in the D-spec which ensures proper procedure or program call with correct parameters .

Subprocedure without a main procedure is called a Nomain module.

You can pass parameters to a subprocedure.

Names defined in the subprocedure are not visible outside the subprocedure.

You can call subprocedures recursively.

 

Advanced Functions in RPGIV:

RPGIV provides you with many advanced functions that make your code easier to maintain . It Provides you with powerful built-in functions that allows you to code more powerful and self-maintaining applications.

TRIM BIF allows you to trim spaces from the beginning or end of a character variable.

SUBST allows you to take a substring of a field.

SIZE allows you to dynamically determine in size of a field,array or data structure.

ELEM returns the number of elements in an array,table or multi-occurance data structure.

Based variables with pointers allow you to access information stored inside or outside your program.

Modules can be bound together and data can be shared across modules using the IMPORT and EXPORT keywords .

Using ILE allows you to take advantage or modular programming :

ILE enables modular programming through seperately compiled pieces of code called modules.

These modules are statistically bound. They are created using CRTxxxMOD command.

OPM program runs in the default activation group . You can create an RPGIV program that is OPM compatible by using CRTBNDRPG with DFTACTGRP(*YES)

There are two ways to create an ILE program.you can create bound RPG program using CRTBNDRPG Command or create a program binding modules together.

You can create a service program to handle frequently used routines & for better performance.

 

 

Built-in-Functions:

 

%ADDR

%ELEM

%PADDR

%SIZE

%SUBST

%TRIM

%TRIML

%TRIMR

 

Built-in Functions enables to :

• Trim spaces from character fields
• Refer to substring of a field
• Return the size of a field
• Return the number of elements in an array or multi-occurance data structure.
• Place the address of an item in a pointer
• Place the address of a procedure in a pointer variable

 

Other advance functions include:

Pointers to base storage inside or outside your program

Data items using keywords that can be shared between bound modules.

 

 

Activation group:

An Activation group is a substructure of a job. It consists of system resources allocated to one or more programs running in it. It is a type of firewall that you can build around your application to protect its resources.

 

ILE activation groups have many benefits over the default activation group:

• Protection of shared resources from other applications
• Resources such as shared open data paths for files, can be shared among all programs in activation group, while being protected from other programs running in the same job .
• Scoping(Restricting) of file overrides and commitment control scope.
• Easily cleanup of a group of programs. You can clean up active programs and open files with in an activation group using the RCLACTGRP command.Other active programs running in the same job will not be affected.